The Hand-Held Camera – And we’re off! In the 1890s, Auguste and Louis Lumière developed the Cinematograph, which could be mounted on a tripod or carried by a cameraman. Shaky-cam, here we come!
Rotoscoping - This animation technique, in which artists trace over live-action film movement, was patented by Max Fleischer in 1917 and subsequently used in cartoons such as Betty Boop, Superman and Disney’s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
The Optical Printer – Invented in the early 1920’s, this nifty machine allowed filmmakers to re-photograph one or more strips of film, and was long used for optical effects such as fade outs and fade ins, dissolves, slow motion, fast motion, and matte work.
Sync Sound – Bye-bye silent films, hello talkies! In 1927, Al Jolson’s The Jazz Singer became the first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences, thus ushering in the audio-visual era as we know it.
Color – Toto, I don't think we're in Kansas anymore. The Technicolor process was invented in 1916, but the true point of no return was when Dorothy stepped into the vivid world of Oz in 1939.
The Steadicam – Invented by Garrett Brown in 1976, the Steadicam allows a camera-operator to capture a smooth shot when moving over an uneven surface, by use of a stabilizing mount that isolates the camera from the operator's movement. An enormous development, to say the least.
Video – Magnetic videotape revolutionized the film industry due to its ability to electronically record, store and transmit information. VHS tapes appeared as early as 1976 and remained the home theater standard until DVD hit the market in 1997.
Digital Video – Launched in 1995, the user-friendly DV format was utilized in several noteworthy films of the following years, e.g. Bamboozled, Timecode and Tape. Digital cinematography continues to evolve with each passing year.
3D – 3D films first arrived in the 1950s, but were largely regarded as a niche in the movie industry for decades before experiencing a full-blown cultural breakthrough in the 2000s, culminating in the unforeseen success of James Cameron’s Avatar. Nowadays, nearly every blockbuster is released in 3D or IMAX. Sometimes both!
Computers – Non-linear editing, CGI, computer animation, the Internet, YouTube, handheld digital devices of every shape and size… it all drastically effects how we create, locate and consume content. Think about where we were ten years ago and then try to imagine where we’ll be in ten more.
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